Jacaranda (Jacaranda) is a tree native to the rainforests. Thanks to its bright flowering crown, it quickly gained popularity among gardeners of the whole planet. Most often grows on the street, but there are varieties that can be grown as houseplants.
Jacaranda (violet tree) - a brief description, the history of occurrence
In its natural habitat, the plant can be seen in Australia, some regions of Asia and South America, but it is most common in Brazil. Jacaranda mimosifolia, Jacaranda mimosifolia, as it is also called, or rosewood, belongs to the Bignonius family.
Violet tree
Additional Information. Translated from Portuguese, the name means "solid wood". In Brazil, the tree is also called the Black Way.
Jacaranda is an evergreen tree, in nature it can grow up to 30 meters in height, but 2-meter shrubs are also found. The leaves are pinnate, fern-shaped, and the flowers are bell-shaped and purple in color. However, some varieties may be white.
In addition to decorative qualities, the plant finds practical application. Furniture, musical instruments and souvenirs are made from its wood.
In Russia, this amazing tree, unfortunately, does not grow. It is impossible for him to provide a climate similar to tropical. You can see the jacaranda in the botanical garden of the Crimea, where it creates conditions that are as close to natural as possible.
For reference! Although the plant is often called jacaranda, jacaranda, and even jacaranda, the second option is correct.
Growing jacaranda at home
Since the homeland of the plant is the tropics, at home it is necessary to create conditions close to natural.
Temperature
With the onset of spring and until mid-autumn, the temperature should be maintained in the room + 22 ... +24 ° C.
Then it must be reduced to + 17 ... +19 ° C. It is not allowed to create conditions when the room will be colder +15 ° C.
Lighting
A tree needs bright, diffused lighting. Allowed exposure to direct sunlight for several hours a day. It is better to put a jacarand near windows facing the west or east side of the house.
Important! The container with the tree must be rotated regularly - one-way lighting will lead to deformation of the crown.
Watering, spraying, humidity
It is necessary to water the plant regularly, preventing the drying of the top layer of the earth. While dropping leaves, the amount of moisture can be reduced. On especially hot days, it is recommended to spray the leaves of the plant from the spray gun.
A resident of the tropics needs indoor humidity of at least 60%. It is advisable to put the tree next to the aquarium or just near a container of water. Sometimes the pot can be placed in a pan filled with wet peat.
Soil and top dressing
The soil for planting should be nutritious. To make the substrate yourself, you need to mix the following components:
- turf land;
- coarse sand or perlite;
- peat;
- humus;
- sheet earth;
- charcoal (a little).
The pot must have a drainage layer of expanded clay or broken brick.
For proper nutrition, the flower must be fed once a month with complex mineral fertilizers. When the plant drops its leaves, as well as in autumn and winter, this is not necessary.
Important! The crown of the tree needs free space - it is undesirable to put it next to other indoor flowers.
Jacaranda breeding
A decorative plant can be grown in two ways: seeds or cuttings.
Cuttings
During spring pruning, it is necessary to prepare a sufficiently strong stalk. It should be about 8 cm long. Further, reproduction is carried out in two ways:
- place the handle in a container of warm water;
- plant in a moistened sand-peat mixture and cover with a transparent cap.
In any of the methods, the temperature of the seedling is +25 ° C. When the first roots appear, the cuttings move into separate pots.
Seed propagation - step by step algorithm
An easier way to reproduce at home. Growing a new plant is carried out in the following sequence:
- Planting material is laid out on one half of the damp tissue, the other is covered and placed in a warm dark place for a day.
- Seeds are placed in nutrient soil to a depth of not more than 1 cm.
- The container with seedlings is covered with transparent material.
- Subject to the temperature regime of + 20 ... +22 ° C, the first seedlings will appear after 3 weeks.
- The film is removed, and the container is put in place with bright, diffused lighting.
- Sprouts, in which 2-3 leaves appeared, are transplanted into separate pots with a diameter of not more than 7 cm.
Jacaranda Seedling
Cropping and shaping the crown
A grown plant needs to be given a decorative look. To do this, every spring you need to pinch the shoots.
Jacaranda has a very intensive growth, so if you skip the formation procedure, then the trunk will be exposed.
Varieties for growing in an apartment
Of course, not all types of violet tree can be grown at home. In addition to the mimosol jacaranda, the following varieties can be kept in the apartment:
- Fluffy jacaranda - only young plants are grown, as adults lose their decorative appearance.
- Magdalena - grows up to 3 meters, will not bloom in the room.
- Delta - reaches a height of 2 meters, has beautiful, fern-like leaves.
Thus, the most attractive varieties for the apartment are mimosa leaf jacaranda and Delta.
When and how it blooms
Mimozolistnaya Jacaranda at room conditions can bloom twice a year - in spring and autumn.
Blooming buds create lush inflorescences with petals of a violet-blue hue.
Growing difficulties
With improper care, the plant can be exposed to various diseases and pests.
If the leaves curl and turn yellow, this may be due to dry air, low temperature or the presence of pests. If there are no insects on the tree, then it is necessary to make changes in the care of the plant.
Sign of chlorosis
Chlorosis of the leaves can develop with a deficiency of iron, magnesium and zinc in the soil, as well as with insufficient watering. In this case, it is necessary to transplant the plant into a new nutrient soil or to fertilize with formulations containing the necessary elements.
If there is no drainage layer in the pot, too dense soil or watering is done too often, rotting of the root system may develop. To save the plant, it is necessary to transplant it and reduce the amount of moisture for a while.
In addition to diseases, a tree can become a victim of pests. The most common of these are:
- Whitefly Green larvae appear on the underside of the leaves. After them, sugar secretions can be detected. Leaf plates curl and turn yellow. To combat insects, it is necessary to treat the plant with insecticides.
- Spider mite. Can be detected by the appearance of a transparent web on the underside of the leaf plates. Insects can appear by moving from another plant or due to insufficient air humidity. The jacaranda must be treated with insectoacaricides and sprayed regularly from the spray bottle.
Jacaranda spider mite
Using jacaranda to form a bonsai
To create your own mini-garden, you must constantly monitor the growth of the crown and leaves. To create a bonsai-type plant, a special variety of jacaranda, Bonsai Blue, was specially developed.
When growing plants using this method, a number of conditions must be observed:
- cut the tree only in the second year - leave only 10 cm from the ground and wait for the appearance of side shoots;
- pinch a tree regularly, forming branches and a crown;
- remove large leaves;
- keep in the shade so that the tree branches worse.
Plant bonsai
Traditions and Beliefs
Many beautiful traditions and beliefs are associated with a beautiful and vibrant tree. It is believed that the plant brings good luck and cleans the aura. Flowering jacaranda may indicate that there will be prosperity in the house or replenishment is expected soon.
In Australia, there is a sign that preparing for exams should be before the jacaranda has bloomed. And the student will surely get a test if the flower of this giant violet falls on him.
In Zimbabwe and Mexico, a flowering tree symbolizes the beginning of spring.
Interestingly! Some tribes believe that a wise spirit lives in the tree, which helps in resolving disputes and conflict situations.
Thus, although it is quite difficult to grow a violet tree at home, under favorable conditions you can get a bright unusual plant that will create coziness and a good atmosphere.
